clock hypothesis in a sentence

• Branch lengths can be calculated with and without the molecular clock hypothesis.
• Researchers such as Francisco Ayala have more fundamentally challenged the molecular clock hypothesis.
• Attempts at verifying the internal clock hypothesis and measuring clock frequency are so far not conclusive; recent experimental data is at least compatible with de Broglie's conjecture.
• Together with the work of Emile Zuckerkandl and Linus Pauling, the genetic equidistance result directly led to the formal postulation of the molecular clock hypothesis in the early 1960s.
• According to the molecular clock hypothesis, proteins evolved essentially independently of the environmentally determined forces of selection; this was sharply at odds with the panselectionism prevalent at the time.
• Protein sequencing had great potential for the quantitative study of evolution ( through the molecular clock hypothesis ), but leading evolutionary biologists questioned the relevance of molecular biology for answering the big questions of evolutionary causation.
• An unrooted tree can always be produced from a rooted tree, but a root cannot usually be placed on an unrooted tree without additional data on divergence rates, such as the assumption of the molecular clock hypothesis.
• The molecular-clock hypothesis and the neutral theory were particularly controversial, spawning the neutralist-selectionist debate over the relative importance of mutation, drift and selection, which continued into the 1980s without a clear resolution.
• This is normally done by including an outgroup in the input data so that the root is necessarily between the outgroup and the rest of the taxa in the tree, or by introducing additional assumptions about the relative rates of evolution on each branch, such as an application of the molecular clock hypothesis.
• In connection with this, the so-called clock hypothesis of clock postulate has to be considered : The proper time of comoving clocks is independent of acceleration, that is, the time dilation of these clocks as seen in an external inertial frame only depends on its relative velocity with respect to that frame . ( See experimental confirmations of clock hypothesis . ) Two simple cases of curved world lines are now provided by integration of equation ( ) for proper acceleration:
• It's difficult to see clock hypothesis in a sentence .
• In connection with this, the so-called clock hypothesis of clock postulate has to be considered : The proper time of comoving clocks is independent of acceleration, that is, the time dilation of these clocks as seen in an external inertial frame only depends on its relative velocity with respect to that frame . ( See experimental confirmations of clock hypothesis . ) Two simple cases of curved world lines are now provided by integration of equation ( ) for proper acceleration:
• Therefore, it does not account for possible difference among organisms or species in the rates of DNA repair or the possible functional conservation of specific regions in a sequence . ( In the case of nucleotide sequences, the molecular clock hypothesis in its most basic form also discounts the difference in acceptance rates between silent mutations that do not alter the meaning of a given codon and other mutations that result in a different amino acid being incorporated into the protein . ) More statistically accurate methods allow the evolutionary rate on each branch of the phylogenetic tree to vary, thus producing better estimates of coalescence times for genes.